Spring Steel Grades
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| Category | Popular Names | Application | Elements as a % composition of total | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Ni | |||
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C55S, 1.1204, CS50, CK55,SAE1055 | Spring steel with low hardening capacity designed for lightweight springs and springs, washers and spring elements, small tool blades, small dimensions equipment with carbon range of approx. 0.55% for heat improvement, patenting or cold deformation. | 0.52-0.62 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.4 | 0.1 | - | 0.4 |
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C60S, CK60, 1.1211, GOST 21996, DIN 17222, SAE1060. | Alloy CS60S is a special spring steel with reduced sulphur and phosphorus content, used for wear-resistant, heavy-duty parts like axles, rollers, spindles, spring rings and flat springs up to 6mm thick.Toughening steel. Annealed, it is easy to machine. | 0.57-0.65 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.4 | 0.1 | - | 0.4 |
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C67S, 1.1231, XC68, AISI 1065 | C67S steel is non-weldable, prone to decarburization and oxidation during heat treatment, and is not resistant to atmospheric corrosion. Structural steel with low hardening capacity designed for less loaded springs, periodically working for oil hardening and surface hardening with dimensions up to 10mm.Used as steel for valve springs, coupling springs, shock absorbers, tool steel for i.e. hammers, punches, rakes, chisels, flat springs, adjustable steel washers, and other spring elements. |
0.65-0.73 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.4 | 0.1 | - | 0.4 |
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | 75S, 1.1248, AISI 1075, XC70 | low hardening capacity for lightweight springs for oil hardening. It is characterized by resistance to abrasion and high strength. Used for low-loaded springs and springs, spring parts, clock springs, saws for cutting stones in the form of tapes and sheets. As a constructional steel, it is used for medium-weight machine parts such as bolts and bucket links, rolls, molding boards, agricultural machinery parts, press plates and ball mills, press rods, and briquette presses. Non-weldable steel, resistant to temper embrittlement |
0.70-0.80 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.4 | 0.1 | - | 0.4 |
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C85S, 1.1269, XC85, AISI 1086 | low hardening capacity for oil hardening for low-duty, periodically operating springs, springs and spring elements, immune to the temper brittleness. It is characterized by its high hardness and abrasion resistance, while maintaining high strength. It is used for flat and spiral springs, machine parts or saws of all kinds for cutting.Grade 85 and C85S steel are mainly used as steel for ball mills, press plates, stone saws, wire for steel ropes, briquetting press parts. C85S and 85 steels are non-weldable and resistant to corrosive environments due to their high carbon content and low levels of alloying additives. | |||||||||
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C90S, 1.1217, 95CR1, 1.2018 | oil hardening for springs and working periodically springs with small dimensions. Provided in the form of a spring tapes - C90S is characterized by high abrasion resistance and high strength. In addition to the use for springs, it is also designed for wood and stone saws, knives and machine scissors, spring washers, cutting elements and cutting tools. After the treatment shows the structure of tempered martensite. | |||||||||
| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C100S, 1.1274, AISI 1095, | Steel used for spring washers, spring elements, feeler gauges, and other loaded parts requiring high elasticity and tensile strength. available in strips and thin cold-rolled sheets used for springs and leaf springs with small cross-sections. It is characterized by low hardenability, abrasion resistance and decarburization and oxidation tendency during heat treatment.C100S steel products and its equivalents do not show resistance to atmospheric corrosion |
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| Unalloyed Carbon Steel | C125S, 1.1224, XC125 | used for leaf springs and springs with small cross-sections. It is characterized by low hardenability and high carbon range in relation to C90S, C75S, C85S, and C67S steel. Designed for spring elements requiring high elasticity and hardness. It does not show corrosion resistance,Poorly carried out treatment is associated with reduced fatigue strength. |
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| Alloy Spring Steel | 46SICRMO6, 1.8062, 45SCD6 ACCORDING TO EN 10089, AF NF A35-571. | 46SiCrMo6 is a silicon spring steel with the addition of chromium and molybdenum showing resistance to torsion, deformation and load, impact and abrasion. It is mainly used in the automotive and machine industry for springs, spring elements such as stabilizers, rods and leaf springs. | |||||||||
| Manganese Alloy Spring Steel (Structural Steel) | 65G, 65Mn, 65MN4, 66MN4, 1.1240, 1.1260 | Steel for leaf springs and springs with low hardenability requiring increased resistance to abrasion for rings, valve springs, flat, coils and spring washers with small cross-sections and loads. Steel for hardening in oil insensitive to temper brittleness. Steel does not show resistance to corrosive environments. | |||||||||
| Manganese-Chromium Alloy Spring Steel | 54SICR6, 1.7102, 60SICR8, 60MNSICR4, 1.2826 | Steel with high hardening capacity, strength, and high ductility for springs and the heavy-duty spring elements and subject to impacts. Steel for railway engineering used in rolling stock for i.e. bumper rings of railway wagons.Grade can operate at temperatures up to 300 ℃. It has additional applications as steel for valve springs, torsional shafts, spring rings. Steel is non-welding grade and does not exhibit corrosion resistance, including atmospheric resistance. | |||||||||
| Alloy spring steel. | 52SICRNI5, 1.7117, 52SCN5 | Applied for statically loaded, small and medium-size springs.The material is a better alternative to the grade 51CrV4 / 1.8159 | |||||||||
| Chromium Vanadium Spring Steel Alloy | SAE/AISI 6150, 51CrV4/1.8159, 58CrV4/1.8161 59CrV4/1.2242 | structural alloys used in the engineering industry for heavy-duty spring components and oil hardened springs. The steel, unlike other carbon and alloy grades, is characterized by high hardness, low vulnerability to tempering, resistance for variable and heavy loads, and the ability to operate at elevated temperatures up to 300 ℃. Surface-hardened, retains excellent strength properties of the core while maintaining sufficient surface hardness. |
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| Manganese Alloy Spring Steel | 54SICR6, 1.7102, 60SICR8, 60MNSICR4, 1.2826 | Steel with high hardening capacity, strength, and high ductility for springs and the heavy-duty spring elements and subject to impacts. Steel for railway engineering used in rolling stock for i.e. bumper rings of railway wagons.Grade can operate at temperatures up to 300 ℃. It has additional applications as steel for valve springs, torsional shafts, spring rings. Steel is non-welding grade and does not exhibit corrosion resistance, including atmospheric resistance. | |||||||||
| Silicon Alloy Spring Steel | 56SI7, 55SI7, 1.5025, 1.5026 | Silicon spring steel is one of the most popular, simple, basic and at the same time the longest used grades in the production of spring elements and springs in the automotive industry and railroading.Silicon steels are characterized by high strength properties, low ductility, resilience, susceptibility to decarburization, resistance to medium loads, low hardenability, and difficult welding.55S2, 50S2, 40S2 steels, as well as replacements EN/DIN 56Si7, 50Si7, 46Si7 have similar concentrations of alloy additives - including Silicon, which is responsible for the resilience of steel. Differences in grades result from the concentration of carbon, responsible for obtaining the appropriate hardness after heat treatment. | |||||||||
| Chromium Molybdenum Vanadium Alloyed Spring Steel | 58CrMoV4, F-1460, 52CrMoV4, 51CDV4, 51CrMoV4 1.7701, AISI 4150 - UNS G41500 | Spring steel for quenching in oil, hard, ductile and hardenable. Used for all types of springs in the automotive industry with high strength requirements, including shock absorber springs, sealing rings and valve springs.The strength and hardenability of 52CrMoV4 steel is strengthened not only by chromium and vanadium - as in the case of 51CrV4 / AISI 6150, but also by molybdenum. Molybdenum strengthens the solution during heat treatment, while chromium and vanadium form carbides that improve the hardness of the material during tempering. | 0.48-0.56 | 0.15-0.40 | 0,7-1,0 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.9-1.2 | 0.15-0.30 | ||
| Silicon Alloy spring steel - Approved for use in Aerospace | 46SICRMO6, 1.8026, 45SCD6 | 46SiCrMo6 is a silicon spring steel with the addition of chromium and molybdenum showing resistance to torsion, deformation and load, impact and abrasion. It is mainly used in the automotive and machine industry for springs, spring elements such as stabilizers, rods and leaf springs. | |||||||||
| Stainless Spring Steel - Approved for use in Aerospace | X10CRNI18-8, 1.4310, AISI 301, AISI 302 | Stainless, non-magnetic spring steel with high carbon content with good ductility. Designed for aerial parts but also components used in the chemical and food industries such as pump parts, acid tanks, or high temperature springs. It is used in the food, fruit and vegetable and chemical industries in nitrogen plants for valves, parts of fittings and pumps, the coal industry and the petrochemical industry. Other applications include distillation boilers, agitators, acid tanks, heat exchangers, absorption towers, and pipelines. It shows very good weldability, where no early heating of the product is required. |
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